sera guide - Healthy pond fish

35 Diagnosis: page 18 Fish can be infected by several pathogen spe- cies at the same time. In such cases, mucous membrane swelling can often be observed as an unspecific symptom. There often is also a gray to whitish color change. With a micros- cope, it is often possible to detect both skin flukes and different protozoans such as Ichthyobodo (Costia), Chilodonella, Tricho- dina and Tetrahymena in a skin swab. Bacteria and fungi can also often be found. The fish often scrub themselves on the ground or on objects in early stages, later on they stand in the water flow of the filter outlet apathetically, swaying and with clamped fins. In advanced stages, mucous membra- ne shreds come off, and other unspecific symptoms occur. Depending on which pathogens are involved, the life of single fish or of the entire fish stock may be in danger sooner or later. Obtaining a complete and reliable differen- tiated diagnosis is usually possible only for experts with appropriate equipment. This often means unreasonable effort or is not even logistically possible. The sera product range includes the reliable broad range treatment sera pond omnipur for such cases. This treatment covers almost the en- tire pathogen range and prevents secondary infections. You can again use sera ectopur as a support also in case of a multiple infection. The cumulative occurrence of several pathogens at once indicates problematic keeping conditions. Therefore please check the water parameters and other conditions. Immediately carry out neces- sary changes (e.g. reducing the number of fish, filter maintenance, water change etc.) and support the disease resistance of your fish by adding vitamin preparations (sera KOI MULTIVITAMIN). Skin swab showing a multiple infection: Ichthyophthirius, Chilodonella, Trichodina, Costia and Piscinoodinium Multiple infection (a differentiated diagnosis is usually possible only by a specialist) 6.9 Treating multiple infections